QAC's (sometimes called “Quats”) are distinguishable by a central nitrogen atom attached to four other groups. This gives them a positive charge that kills germs, bacteria, viruses, and fungi. For decades, they have been common ingredients for many disinfectant products. This includes sprays, wipes, and hand sanitizers. Yet, even though QAC's are good at fighting germs, there are growing safety concerns. QACs are known to have a wide-range of
adverse effects. They are associated with occupational asthma, reproductive issues and antimicrobial resistance. These compounds also have allergic potential. They can cause dermatitis, mitochondrial dysfunction and potential neurodegenerative diseases. Environmentally, QAC's can accumulate in our soil and waterways. This ongoing contamination negatively impacts the health of wildlife and aquatic populations.
It's important to note, once introduced, QAC's don't disappear quickly. In homes, they can linger on surfaces or in household dust. In our environment, they remain in soils and sediments for long periods of time. This longevity means a greater risk of exposure over time.